lit-review. Goal-setting and . Motivation . Self-directed . learning. Self-efficacy. Dweck. Schunk. Ames. Bandura. Goal orientation and learning. Zimmerman. Cullen. Candy. Cross. Informal learning. Achievement and performance. Latham. Locke. Maslow. Csikszentmihalyi. Deci/Ryan. Adult learning. Brockett. Livingstone. Social learning. Learning communities. Social theories of learning. Internet and Social software. Downes. Wenger. Siemens. Vygotsky. Piaget. Bandura. Passmore. Self-. actualization/. determination. Thesis topic : investigating online learning communities formed around self-directed learning goals. Goal-selection. Whitmore. Personal learning/. homeschooling.